The process involves 1) releasing hormones provided by the hypothalamus, 2) secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary is stimulated, and 3) the glucocorticord synthesis is stimulated by ACTH. It secretes three types of steroid hormones called glucocorticords, synthesized from cholesterol. The outer layer is the adrenal cortex (latin for 'bark'). These hormones prepare the body for emergency action by increasing the heart and respiration rates, causing blood glucose levels to rise, and directing blood flow away from the digestive tract and toward the brain and muscles. The adrenal medulla (latin for 'marrow') produces the two hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline (alternatively called epinephrine and norephinephrine respectively) in response to stress. The adrenal medulla consists of secretory cells derived during development from nervous tissue, and its hormone secretion process is controlled directly by the nervous system. They are two glands in one, an inner region called the adrenal medulla and an outer region called the adrenal cortex. "Adrenal" is latin for "on the kidney", and the adrenal glands rest upon each kidney. The anterior pituitary gland interacts with the adrenal gland by producing the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to cause it to release its hormones. The adrenal glands are part of the endocrine system which produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol.
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